Plate 01 · Research geography

Guanzhong is an association, not a surveyed boundary.

Sources repeatedly connect the Shaanxi Xigou with the Guanzhong and Wei River plain. The diagram locates places named in the record; it does not claim to map the present population.

Reading note

Relative placement is schematic. Markers mean “named in the documentary record,” not verified abundance or continuous range.

Geographic synthesis based on the CKU Shaanxi standard and the regional records cited in the landscape and culture chapter. A defensible population map would require dated, georeferenced field observations.

Plate 02 · Terminology matrix

One family, several kinds of name.

The words encountered in Chinese and English do not all operate at the same level. Some name an umbrella, some a region, and one names the dog in an institutional standard.

细狗 xì gǒuUmbrellaVernacularDoes not prove one uniform breed.
细犬 xì quǎnUmbrellaFormal犬 is not a separate biological category.
陕西细犬RegionalInstitutionalThe CKU name; not global recognition.
关中细狗RegionalVernacularA geographic association, not a range survey.
秦猃 Qín xiǎnHistoricalLiteraryContinuity with modern populations is not established.
Xian HoundRegionalCKU English“Xian” here should not be read simply as Xi’an city.
陕西ShaanxiThe province named in the Chinese standard.
山西ShanxiA different province; a recurring English-language error.

Plate 03 · CKU standard anatomy

The written standard, placed on the dog.

This plate translates selected features from the November 2017 CKU standard into an annotated reading aid. It describes the standard; it does not score the individual in the photograph.

Black Shaanxi Xigou standing in left-facing profile, used as a documentary background for standard annotations0102030405
  1. 01 · HeadLong and narrow; an unpronounced stop is preferred, while a convex foreface is accepted.
  2. 02 · EarLong, mobile and furnished with silky hair.
  3. 03 · OutlineA tall sighthound frame. Standard height: males 68–78 cm; females 65–75 cm.
  4. 04 · CoatSmooth, soft and silky, with feathering on limbs and thighs.
  5. 05 · TailLow-set, curved or ringed, and feathered.
Scope

The CKU standard lists multiple colours and gives no official weight range. Photograph: contemporary documentary image, CC0.

Primary source: CKU — Xian Hound / 陕西细犬 standard. The complete evidence-led reading is on the regional types page.

Plate 04 · Genomic study comparison

Compare questions before comparing numbers.

Three papers include Shaanxi-associated sighthounds. Only the two FROH bars below share a method and study; the other metrics answer different questions and must remain separate.

2019

Genome-wide diversity

n = 12“Shanxi Xi dog” / C_SXX
Inbreeding coefficient
0.28
LD extent
77.79 kb

SNP-based estimates. The published geographic spelling is inconsistent with Shaanxi usage.

2023

Runs of homozygosity

n = 12 / 10Shaanxi / Shandong
Shaanxi0.26
Shandong0.11

Within this study, the sampled Shaanxi group had the highest FROH among fourteen populations.

2023

Sighthound ancestry

n = 7Shaanxi sighthounds
Reported signalClustered near European sighthounds in the paper’s analyses.

This supports a complex contact history, not an exact donor breed, date or one-direction origin story.

Primary studies: Yang et al. (2019); Li et al. (2023), Frontiers in Veterinary Science; Li et al. (2023), Molecular Biology and Evolution.

Plate 05 · Bilingual field glossary

Five names worth preserving in both scripts.

Literal translations are orientation aids, not complete definitions. Pinyin tone marks are included because romanisation alone can hide meaningful differences.

01细狗

xì gǒu

slender / fine dog

Broad vernacular umbrella; the name most often rendered as Xigou in English.

02细犬

xì quǎn

slender / fine hound

A more formal wording found in standards, institutional names and written sources.

03陕西细犬

Shǎnxī xìquǎn

Shaanxi slender hound

The Chinese name used for the Shaanxi dog in the CKU standard.

04秦猃

Qín xiǎn

Qin xian

A historical or literary regional name; not a direct synonym in every period or source.

05关中细狗

Guānzhōng xìgǒu

Guanzhong Xigou

A geographic vernacular name associating the dog with the Guanzhong region.

Editorial convention: this guide uses Xigou for the broad topic and Shaanxi Xigou where the regional population is meant. See method for the evidence and naming policy.